The Tweed river entrance sand bypassing project.

1. Why did it become necessary to extend the Tweed river breakwaters?

It was necessary to extend the Tweed river breakwaters because the breakwaters ont he southern side of the Tweed River acted to trap sand that would naturally be moved in a northernly directed by longshore drift.

2. What impact would the construction of the breakwaters have on the replenishment of sand to the Gold Coast beaches and severe storm erosion?

The construction of the breakwaters would benefit the Gold Coast beaches because the excess sand caught by the break waters would be used to replenish the Gold Coast beaches and stop the Tweed River from silting up.

3. Why did the Tweed River become unsafe to shipping? Explain the natural process that caused sandbars to form over the mouth of the Tweed River.

The Tweed River would become unsafe to shipping because of the large buildup of sandbars that would cause problems for boats that were entering the river.

4. Why was te dredging of the Tweed River and the associated beach nourishment program only a short-term solution to coastal management of the area?

The dredging of the Tweed River was only supposed to be a short-term solution because it was a costly method that would need to be continually used in order to solve the problem.

5. Describe the way TRESBP replaces the natural process of the longshore drift.

TRESBP used a system of pipes that pump the sand from the southern side of the Tweed River where most of the accumulation is and moves it via four outlet to the nearby beach.

6. Write a paragraph that explains your opinion of the TRESBP why do you think the project is regarded as one of the most sucessful coastal management schemes in Australia?

The Tweed River entrance sand bypassing project is one of the most successful coastal managemnt schemes in Australia because it was an effecient solution to a problem that was affecting the mouth of the Tweed River and also because it benefited the Gold Coast beaches by providing them with a continual supply of sand. The TRESBP is an example of an effective management strategy that has been used to solve a coastal mangement issue.

7. Draw an annotated map to explain the operation of the TRESBP.



8. Look at the aerial photograph in 7.28. Describe the changes that have occutred to th mouth of the Tweed River since 1962.

Starting from 1962  the breakwaters have been growing out of the mouth of the Tweed River located in Tweed heads NSW They have disrupted the sand coming through with longshore drift and this process has affected other areas along the northern coast. Theses beaches have lost sand as a result of this so more has to be pumped in and this can be seen in the second and third photos as there is a clear sand buildup

9. My estimation for the length of the breakwater in 1964 would be rougly 500 to 550m

The science of big waves

Pre-viewing:

1. Where do ocean waves come from? What gets them started?

Ocean waves are generated from winds that affect the water and the swell in a way that causes them to form waves which break on the shores.  


2. What do you think a surfer should know about waves before they try and ride a wave while surfing?

Because the surfer should know about the different wave types and the intensity of the waves so there is little chance of them getting injured by the waves if they are inexperienced.

1. Observe all the waves that you see and describe how they form and break. Use as many words found in the segment for you descriptions.

The waves in the video form very high and tall and they take a while to break but when the finally do break the impact is very large.

2. Describe how waves are formed, how they originate, and how they are measured?

Waves are formed by storms that have resulted from low and high pressure fronts colliding with each other. The waves are measured by wind speed, fetch and duration.

3. What is a maverick wave and what is special about the way it is formed?

The waves can get as high as a four story bulding. A wave that is extremely high and powerful.

4. How is energy stored and transferred during wave?

The energy is stored and moved along the ocean and is transferred to wave height as the sea floor becomes steeper and less gentle.

5. List any kind of advice given by the surfers about how to survive these “big waves

Surfers should be careful to learn about and respect the destructive power of the waves and the sudden change of the wave energy when it hits the shelf.

7.3

Question 1)

Question 2) coastal lagoon)

2) Wave cut platfrom

2) Tombolo

2) Sand bank

question 3)

question 4)



7.2

Question #7:

7 Study the inappropriate development image. Select one

of the viewpoints below and write a letter to the local

paper about the advantages and/or disadvantages of the

development.

a a resident of one of the new developments shown in

the picture

b a long-time local resident of the area who appreciates

a) Dear editor,
Im am writing about the recent deveolopment of our town. I myself am one of the newest residents for i have moved into a cosy apartment which is right on the beach. I feel that the development is a very good thing for the town as it is economically beneficial for local business owners who will enjoy the influx of new residents who will no doubt be supporting them and their small town values.

I was shocked to see so many of the current residents protesting these developments because im my view this development has been the best thing that this town has ever seen. Hopefully in the next few weeks these people will realise that this is a good thing and they will come to appreciate the new people moving into their town.

Coastal Management Questions 7.1

1. Describe how the settlement pattern of Australia is related to issues in the coastal environment?

The settlement pattern of Australia is related to issues in the coastal environment because the majority of the Australian population lives on the coastline of Australia. This population growth has directly affected the coastal environment with the introduction of issues such as polution, inappropriate development and introduced plants.

2. Why is the sustainable development of the coastline the aim of coastal management strategies?

The sustainable development of the coastline is the aim of coastal management strategies because

geographers aim to create a method of development of the coastline that takes a wide range of viewpoints that are essentially for the good of the coastline. These management strategies are put into place to counteract issues that have been a result of earlier settlements.

3. What trend has been labelled 'sea change'?

The trend of population growth has been labelled 'sea change' as it is the name that has been applied to this process.

4. Describe one government response to 'sea change'.

One government response to this sea change has been the introduction of 'imposed residential caps' and/or a population ceiling for several towns in an effort to stop overdevolpment of these towns.

5. Select four of the geographical issues facing the coastal environment presented in this unit. For each issue identify the human actions that cause the issue.

Polution - Pollution of the coastline is a result of urban developments in coastal communities. Apart from direct pollution from the residents, humans have also contributed to this with factors such as unsafe treatment of sweage and poor management of stromwater.

Introduced plants - Introduced species of plants are detrimental to coastal ecosystems because they can overtake the native vegetation. These introduced plants have been brought into Australia for things such as supporting sand dunes with foreign plants which are not used to the australian landscape and ecosystem.

Inappropriate developement - Overdevelopment or unpractical development of coastal areas by humans in order to expand a towns housing capacities and give the area sufficient residential space. Humans looking to invest or find land have caused this issue and as a result many of the housing has been dangerous to live in and/or dangerous to the environment.

Recreation and tourism. - Recreation and tourism have caused significant damage to coastal areas with humans being the direct cause because of the sudden influx of people with little regard for the ecosystem and landforms.

6. What role do geographers play in developing management solutions to issues in coastal environments?

Geographers play an important role in developing management solutions to issues in coastal environments by taking in different view points and opinions from the different groups associated with the area and choosing the best possible method of action for solving the current coastal management issues which are affecting the area they are managing.

7. Find an example that you and/or others feel is an example of inappropriate development. Describe why this is considered inappropriate. Give one way that this type of development can be fixed.

 

Apartment blocks in pacific palms - a small beach town community.

 

I feel that this type of developement is considered to be highly inappropriate for this area because the area is unsuitable for these buildings and the towns resources would not be able to handle the new homeowners who would be moving into the area.

 

This development can be fixed by cutting down on the number of planned buildings until the town is appropriate enough to accomodate the sudden arrival of these new people.