ASEAN

1. To improve and harmonize trade and investment policies.

2. The Economic Research institute for ASEAN. They intend to monitor how the propsed plan and to keep track on the success of it.

3. The ASEAN Economic community. They plan on helping countries identify commitments that will deliver the best results.

4. The three areas of focus are: Trade and transport,services and investment facilitation.

5. The groups plan to meet once a year in order to maintain its goals and remain successful.

6. They intend to establish a knowledge bank that includes possible tools that members can use to pursue effective reforms.

7.Dato Lim Jock Hoi  is the chairman and he is the minister for foreign affairs for Brunei. Brunei has a population of 400000 which is extremely low compared to Australia. Their GDP is 20.382 billion.

8. Economic integration refers to trade unification between different states by the partial or full abolishing of customs tariffs on trade taking place within the borders of each state.

9. I think it is a good thing for Australia because it will improve Australias image as they will be helping countries that are in a worse position economically and they will be encouraging growth between them.

US/Australia defence

1. Defence minister his role in the government is to manage the Defence policy of Australian and manage the individual areas associated with it.

2. The Brookings Institution is a nonprofit public policy organization based in Washington, DC.

3. The US/Australia defence alliance allows both the USA and Australia to operate together in security and strategic employments in the asia pacific area.

4. Australias global position is relatively close to asia which is important because the region is a national interest for the USA because it has started to become the worlds centre of gravity for economic, political, military and strategic influences.

5. Over the past 50 years Australia has made contributions to the alliance by hosting and supporting some the USA's most sensitve security and strategic capabilities which relate to intelligence based systems like ballistic missile warnings and submarine communications.

6. These companies who do business with Australia provide income to the employees of the associated business in conjuction with the Australian companies.

7. The minister points out that this relationship is based on economic factors and trade which influence the defence relationship and provide a level of trust and familiarity to either of the countries involved.

8. The country that is central to the relationship between the USA and Australia is China. China is important because of its emerging status as being one of the worlds economic superpowers.

9. Australia is trying to foster a defence relationship much like the one they posses with the USA.

10. It is necessary for Australia to establish this relationship to ensure the security of the region and to be an important ally for China when it becomes one of the worlds biggest superpowers.



1. The US is planning to locate a base in Woomera, Australia in order to have greater access to Australian training and test ranges and have a greater influence on Australias military.

2.When this base is completed the coordination between American and Australian forces will increase greatly as the two sides will become more familiar and succinct in tactics and training.

Australian nuclear target.

1. Kevin Rudds role is the minister for foreign affairs and his role is to act as a diplomat that will represent Australia and communicate between Australian and different countries around the world.

2.Kevin Rudds concern is that the instability of the Korean peninsula and the volatile nature of North Korea are threats to Australia and its national safety.

3. Kevin Rudd expressed his views and concerns at the ASEAN regional forum.

4. North Korea has carried out several hostile actions including torpedoing South Korean naval ships, shelling civilian homes and developing a Uranium weapons program. These actions have alarmed Kevin Rudd and prompted him to lash out at the forum.

5. The 'Taepodong-2' which is a long range missle capable of travelling 15000km making it a threat to Northern Australia.

6. Kevin Rudd is aiming to identify and expose North Koreas possible intentions by calling out the North Korean counterpart this calling out will prompt other countries to recognise this threat and take action to ensure it is no longer dangerous. This relates to Australias relationship with the region as being a country with strong ties to the UK and the USA in terms of allies and diplomatic communication.

7. Australias relationship with major allies is predominantly associated with defence and trade which makes it an important ally and thus worthy of protection from threats like the North Korean weapons program.

Mapping

1. What is it about the pressure system stalled over Australia that relates to the weather over the next 4 days?

 The pressure system stalled over Australia is a high pressure system which is lingering over South Australia but also a serperate high pressure system approaching for the east meaning that warm sunny weathers will be affecting these areas.

2. What is the air pressure in each of the next 4 days for each of the capital cities? How does this correspond with the predicted weather for these cities?

Sydney - 1016 1022 1018 1017
Melbourne - 1024 1016 1018 1024
Brisbane - 1017 1016 1017 1016
Darwin - 1017 1017 1016 1017
Perth - 1016 1018 1017 1020
Adelaide - 1018 1027 1020 1022
Hobart - 1024 1020 1022 1018
Canberra - 1024 1018 1017 1020

1. What is the contour interval (sometimes abbreviated CI)? Convert to metric
20ft so about 6m.

2. What is the scale of the map? Convert it into the metric system
 1:1000
3. What is the gradient of the line? Calculate in metric system.
869ft = 261m
2cm line = 20m
gradient = 13.05

San Francisco

San Francisco is a city located in Califronia in the Unites States of America. It is a world famous city and it is the 13th largest city in the US. It is located on a peninsula known as the San Francisco peninsula forms an opening into the California bay area.

The Golden Gate bridge is an iconic symbol and landmark of San Francisco and of early 20th century american architecture. The bridge connects the San Francisco peninsula to marin county and at the time of construction in 1937 it was the longest suspension bridge in the world.

San Francisco is widely famous for its hills as there are more than 50 hills located throughout the city. Pictured above is Lombard street which decends down Russian Hill. Many suburbs are situated on and named after these hills.

San Francisco is also famous for its cultural aspects like its Chinatown which is the oldest and one of the largest in North America. The city is also culturally stimulated by the high cost and standard of living which is a result of the large numbers of white collar workers in the area.  

San Francisco is one of the few cities in the world that has a large scale tram and streetcar system. The trams are a major form of public transport for the residents of San Francisco as 1/3 of the population regularly uses public transport.

Jordan Springs.

1. Is this an example of urban consolidation or urban sprawl? Why?

This is a good example of urban sprawl because it essentially is a propsed development site that encourages first home buyers and investors to buy into the project and develop the area into a new residential suburb rather than develop an existing one.

2. Do you think that this development is positive or negative for the surrounding community? For Sydney? For Australia?

I think that this propsed development is negative for Sydney and Australia due to the new resources that will have to accomodate for the area such as transport and electricity but it will also benefit the community by providing a relatively affordable location for people looking to purchase land.

Urban renew and decay.

1. Aesthetics - outward appearance: the way something looks, especially when considered in terms of how pleasing it is.

This in an example of aesthetics because it is an approach to urban development that is pleasing to the eye.

2.Safety - Any defensive location or structure in a city, eg a seawall, a castle, city built on a hill to protect from floods

This sea wall is protecting the town from the strong waves and the hydraulic action which damages the coast.

3.Slums - a run-down area of a city characterized by substandard housing and squalor and lacking in tenure security.

This south east asian slum shows signs of very poor living standards and characteristics of a slum.

4. Decay - Decay is the way a specific building or city lasts over time. Whether the building is still standing or whether it still looks appealing etc

These buidling show clear signs of urban decay and are in need of renovation as they look very unappealing.

5. Reconstruction and Renewal - Urban renewal is a program of land redevelopment in areas of moderate to high density urban land use.



This structure is an example of urban reconstruction and renewal of an area that has decayed and lost interest.

6. Transport - Transportation planning is a field involved with the evaluation, assessment, design and siting of transportation facilities (generally streets, highways, footpaths, bike lanes and public transport lines).

This highway is an example transportation planning on a relatively small scale as transportation planning can be used for entire cities.

7. Suburbanization - a term used to describe the growth of areas on the fringes of major cities

This photo shows a good example of urbanisation as the houses in this photo are very compacted and similar.

8. Environmental Factors -  the process of facilitating decision making to carry out development with due consideration given to the natural environmental, social, political, economic and governance factors and provides a holistic frame work to achieve sustainable outcomes.

This house in very environmentally friendly and it takes environmental factors into account and uses them for benefit.

9. Light and Sound - The 'pollution' of light and sound throughout a city or urban area. This can also be the lack of light e.g. a building blocks out the sun making a part of the city in shade for 90% of the day.